1- G\u0130R\u0130\u015e<\/span><\/h4>\n\u00dclkemizde bulu\u015flar\u0131n korunmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u201cPatent Haklar\u0131n\u0131n Korunmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131ndaki 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararname\u201d 27 Haziran 1995 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu KHK ile bulu\u015flar patent veya faydal\u0131 model belgesi ile korunmaktad\u0131r. Her iki koruma bi\u00e7imi de bulu\u015flar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ile ilgili olmakla birlikte; \u00f6zellikle belgenin verilme kriterleri; ba\u015fvuru sonras\u0131nda belgenin verilmesine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7indeki i\u015flemler ve koruma s\u00fcreleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n
Bu bildiride, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de patent ve faydal\u0131 model haklar\u0131 ile ilgili uygulamalar;<\/span>
\n-Patent ve Faydal\u0131 Model belgelerinin verilme kriterleri ve ba\u015fvuru sonras\u0131ndaki i\u015flemler;<\/span>
\n-Bulu\u015flar\u0131n patent veya faydal\u0131 model belgesi ile korunmas\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmesi,<\/span>
\n-Patent veya Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesi ile korunan bulu\u015fun koruma kapsam\u0131<\/span>
\n-Patent ve faydal\u0131 Model Belgelerinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck halleri,<\/span>
\n-Tecav\u00fcz halleri<\/span>
\nhukuki ve teknik a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6rneklerle de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
2- PATENT VE FAYDALI MODEL BELGELER\u0130N\u0130N VER\u0130LME KR\u0130TERLER\u0130 VE BA\u015eVURU SONRASINDAK\u0130 \u0130\u015eLEMLER<\/span><\/h4>\nPatent verilerek korunabilecek bulu\u015flarda;<\/span>
\n-D\u00fcnyada yenilik,<\/span>
\n-Sanayiye uygulanabilirlik, ve<\/span>
\n-Bulu\u015f basama\u011f\u0131 (tekni\u011fin bilinen durumun a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131)<\/span>
\nkriterlerinin bir arada olmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
Faydal\u0131 model belgesi ile korunabilecek bulu\u015flarda ise;<\/span>
\n-D\u00fcnyada yenilik, ve<\/span>
\n-Sanayiye uygulanabilirlik<\/span>
\nkriterlerinin bulunmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\nHerhangi bir patent veya faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurusu, usul\u00fcne uygun doldurulmu\u015f ve imzalanm\u0131\u015f dilek\u00e7e ekinde bulu\u015fu a\u00e7\u0131klayan \u00f6zet, tarifname, korunmak istenen unsurlar\u0131 i\u00e7eren istemler ve varsa \u015fekillerin T\u00fcrk Patent Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019ne verilmesi ile yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u015eekli a\u00e7\u0131dan eksiklik yok ise ba\u015fvuru bu a\u015famadan itibaren i\u015flemdedir.<\/span><\/p>\nS\u00f6z konusu ba\u015fvuru faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurusu ise, ba\u015fvuru sahibinin erken yay\u0131n talebi \u00fczerine hemen veya ba\u015fvuru tarihinden (varsa r\u00fc\u00e7han tarihinden) itibaren 18 ay sonra yay\u0131nlan\u0131r ve 3. ki\u015filerin itiraz\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Ba\u015fvuru sahibi, s\u00f6z konusu faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurusunun tarifname ve istemlerini, ba\u015fvurunun ilk kapsam\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmamak (geni\u015fletmemek) \u015fart\u0131 ile faydal\u0131 model belgesi verilmeden \u00f6nce de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir. Baz\u0131 istemleri birle\u015ftirebilir veya baz\u0131 istemleri \u00e7\u0131kartarak koruma kapsam\u0131n\u0131 daraltabilir. Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler itiraz(lar) sonras\u0131nda yap\u0131labilece\u011fi gibi, belge verilmesinden \u00f6nce ba\u015fvuru sahibi taraf\u0131ndan her an yap\u0131labilir. Ba\u015fvuru sahibi, itiraz(lar)a ra\u011fmen kendisine faydal\u0131 model belgesi verilmesini de talep edebilir.<\/span><\/p>\nT\u00fcm bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalardan faydal\u0131 model belgesi ile korunamayacak nitelikteki bulu\u015flara dahi faydal\u0131 model belgesinin verilebildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Erken yay\u0131n talep edildi\u011fi ve yay\u0131na itiraz olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde 7-9 ay i\u00e7erisinde faydal\u0131 model belgesinin verilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Erken yay\u0131n talebinin olmamas\u0131 durumunda faydal\u0131 model belgesinin verilmesi s\u00fcreci 24 aya kadar \u00e7\u0131kabilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\nBulu\u015fun korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan ba\u015fvuru patent ba\u015fvurusu ise, ba\u015fvuru sahibinin ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporu talebi sonras\u0131ndaki erken yay\u0131n talebi \u00fczerine hemen veya ba\u015fvuru tarihinden (varsa r\u00fc\u00e7han tarihinden) itibaren 18 ay sonra yay\u0131nlan\u0131r. Patent ba\u015fvurusu yap\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda, s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde (ba\u015fvuru tarihinden, varsa r\u00fc\u00e7han tarihinden itibaren 15 ay i\u00e7inde) ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporu d\u00fczenlenmesinin talep edilmesi gerekir. Talep sonras\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Raporu d\u00fczenlenir. Daha sonra da inceleme rapor(lar)\u0131 d\u00fczenlenir. Ba\u015fvuru sahibi s\u00f6z konusu patent ba\u015fvurusunun tarifname ve istemlerini ba\u015fvurunun ilk kapsam\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmamak (geni\u015fletmemek) \u015fart\u0131 ile her an (ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporu sonras\u0131nda veya inceleme raporlar\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 a\u015famalar\u0131nda) de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir. Baz\u0131 istemleri birle\u015ftirebilir ya da baz\u0131 istemleri \u00e7\u0131kartabilir.<\/span><\/p>\nBa\u015fvuru sahibi ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporunun yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131ndan itibaren 6 ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131labilecek itiraz(lar)a ra\u011fmen kendisine incelemesiz patent verilmesini talep edebilir. Buradan patent ile korunamayacak bulu\u015flara da incelemesiz patent belgesinin verilebildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130ncelemesiz patent verilme s\u00fcresi 2-3 y\u0131l aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Bu s\u00fcre T\u00fcrk Patent Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ad\u0131na ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporu haz\u0131rlanma i\u015flemini yapan ara\u015ft\u0131rma kurulu\u015funa g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\nEk-1\u2019de PCT\/GB99\/03939 ba\u015fvuru ve WO 00\/35184 yay\u0131n numaral\u0131 \u201cportatif faks makinesi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bulu\u015funun yay\u0131n sayfas\u0131 ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Raporu yer almaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu ba\u015fvurunun korunmas\u0131 istenen unsurlar\u0131 11 adet istem ile belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporu incelendi\u011finde 1-4 ve 6-11 (1, 2, 3,4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 ve 11) numaral\u0131 istemlerinin Y kategorisinde oldu\u011fu yani bulu\u015f basama\u011f\u0131 kriterini kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131; bir ba\u015fka ifade ile 5 numaral\u0131 istem hari\u00e7 di\u011fer istemlerin patent verilme kriterlerine uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u015fvuruya istemlerin bu hali ve bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporu ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de incelemesiz patent verilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ba\u015fvuru sahibi, haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olan ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporunu dikkate alarak istemlerini kapsam\u0131 geni\u015fletmemek kayd\u0131 ile yeniden d\u00fczenleyip (kapsam\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlayarak), inceleme talep edip, olumlu inceleme raporu alarak, patent alabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n\u0130nceleme raporu talebi sonras\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanan inceleme rapor(lar)\u0131n\u0131n olumlu olmas\u0131 halinde ba\u015fvuruya incelemeli patent verilir. Buradan anla\u015f\u0131lan, patent verilme kriterlerine uygun olarak verilmi\u015f patent, incelemeli patenttir. Bir ba\u015fka ifade ile patent verilme kriterlerine uygun olmayan bulu\u015flara incelemeli patent verilemez. \u0130ncelemeli patent verilme s\u00fcresi 2-5 y\u0131l aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Bu s\u00fcre ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve inceleme kurulu\u015flar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha fazla (6-8 y\u0131l gibi) olabilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\nEk-2\u2019de PCT\/TR 2003\/00016 ba\u015fvuru ve WO 2004\/030872 yay\u0131n numaral\u0131 \u201cAyakl\u0131 robotlar i\u00e7in ak\u0131\u015fkan transferi ile denge sistemi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bulu\u015funun yay\u0131n sayfas\u0131, \u0130nceleme raporu yer almaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6zkonusu ba\u015fvurunun korunmas\u0131 istenen unsurlar\u0131 17 adet istem ile belirtilmi\u015ftir. \u0130nceleme raporu incelendi\u011finde;<\/span>
\n-3, 7 ve 12 \u2013 17 numaral\u0131 istemlerin yeni oldu\u011fu,<\/span>
\n-3, 7 ve 13 \u2013 17 numaral\u0131 istemlerin bulu\u015f basama\u011f\u0131 kriterini kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131,<\/span>
\n-t\u00fcm (1; 17) istemlerin sanayiye uygulanabilir oldu\u011fu<\/span>
\nanla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u015fvuruya istemlerin bu hali ve bu inceleme raporu ile 3, 7, 13, 14, 15, 16 ve 17. istemleri i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de incelemeli patent verilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ba\u015fvuru sahibi, haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olan inceleme raporunu dikkate alarak istemlerini yeniden d\u00fczenleyip (kapsam\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirerek), tekrar inceleme talep edip, de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f istemler i\u00e7in tekrar olumlu inceleme raporu alarak, patent alabilir.<\/span><\/p>\nEk-3\u2019de PCT\/TR 02\/00021 ba\u015fvuru ve WO 03\/009252 yay\u0131n numaral\u0131 \u201cKalan Yanma S\u00fcresini G\u00f6steren Trafik Lambas\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bulu\u015funun yay\u0131n sayfas\u0131, Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Raporu ve \u0130nceleme raporu yer almaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu ba\u015fvurunun korunmas\u0131 istenen unsurlar\u0131 20 adet istem ile belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Raporu incelendi\u011finde; t\u00fcm istemlerin 2 kar\u015f\u0131 dok\u00fcman nedeni ile yeni olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bulu\u015f basama\u011f\u0131 kriterini kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu nedenle patent verilme kriterlerine uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u015fvuruya istemlerin bu hali ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de incelemesiz patent verilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ba\u015fvuru sahibi istemlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirerek istem say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 18\u2019e indirmi\u015f ve Ek-3\u2019de yer alan olumlu inceleme raporunu alarak bulu\u015funa patent verilmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu bulu\u015f T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2003 02049 numaral\u0131 incelemeli patent ile korunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
3- BULU\u015eLARIN PATENT VEYA FAYDALI MODEL BELGES\u0130 \u0130LE KORUNMASININ KAR\u015eILA\u015eTIRMALI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RMES\u0130,<\/span><\/h4>\nHer ikisi de bulu\u015flar\u0131n korunmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olan patent ve faydal\u0131 model belgelerinin aras\u0131ndaki farklar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda \u00f6zetlenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
Faydal\u0131 Model \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130ncelemesiz Patent \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130ncelemeli Patent<\/span>
\nAranan Kriterler:<\/span><\/p>\nD\u00fcnyada yenilik\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u00fcnyada yenilik\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u00fcnyada yenilik<\/span>
\nSanayiye uygulanabilirlik \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sanayiye uygulanabilirlik Sanayiye uygulanabilirlik<\/span>
\nBulu\u015f basama\u011f\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bulu\u015f basama\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/p>\nAra\u015ft\u0131rma Raporu D\u00fczenleniyor mu?<\/span><\/p>\nHay\u0131r \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Evet \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Evet<\/span><\/p>\n\u0130nceleme Raporu D\u00fczenleniyor mu?<\/span><\/p>\nHay\u0131r \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hay\u0131r \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Evet<\/span><\/p>\nKoruma S\u00fcresi<\/span><\/p>\n10 y\u0131l \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 7 y\u0131l \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 20 y\u0131l<\/span><\/p>\nKriterlere uygun olmama durumunda belge veriliyor mu?<\/span><\/p>\nEvet \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Evet \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hay\u0131r<\/span><\/p>\n\u0130\u015flem s\u00fcresi<\/span><\/p>\n8-24 ay \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1-3 y\u0131l \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2-5 y\u0131l<\/span><\/p>\n4- PATENT VEYA FAYDALI MODEL BELGES\u0130 \u0130LE KORUNAN BULU\u015eUN KORUMA KAPSAMI<\/span><\/h4>\nHerhangi bir bulu\u015fun patent ya da faydal\u0131 model ile korunan unsurlar\u0131 \u0130stemler ad\u0131 verilen k\u0131s\u0131mda a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
\u0130stemler ile ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmler 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 47, 83 ve 84 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddelerinde h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\nPatent ya da faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurular\u0131n\u0131n veya verilmi\u015f patent ya da faydal\u0131 model belgesinin korunan unsurlar\u0131 \u0130stem veya \u0130stemlerde belirtilir. 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019in 47 inci maddesi h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re \u201c\u0130stem veya istemler tarifnamede tan\u0131mlanan bulu\u015fun kapsam\u0131n\u0131 a\u015famaz\u201d. 83 \u00fcnc\u00fc madde istem ve istemlerin yorumlanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. Bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re;<\/span>
\n-\u0130stem veya istemler tarifname ve resimler esas al\u0131narak yorumlan\u0131r (1 inci f\u0131kra).<\/span>
\n-\u0130stem veya istemler, bir yandan patent ba\u015fvurusu veya patent sahibine hakk\u0131 olan korumay\u0131 sa\u011flayacak ve di\u011fer yandan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filere de koruman\u0131n kapsam\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan makul bir d\u00fczeyde kesinlik ifade edecek \u015fekilde birlikte yorumlan\u0131r (2 inci f\u0131kra).<\/span>
\n-\u0130stem veya istemler, kullan\u0131lan kelimelerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olarak yorumlanamaz. Bununla beraber, patent ba\u015fvurusu veya patentten do\u011fan koruma kapsam\u0131n\u0131n tesbitinde istem veya istemler, bulu\u015fu yapan taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen fakat istem veya istemlerde talep edilmeyen, buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ilgili teknik alanda uzman birki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan tarifname ve resimlerin yorumlanmas\u0131 ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak \u00f6zellikleri kapsayacak \u015fekilde kabul edilmez (4 \u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kra).<\/span>
\n-Patent ba\u015fvurusu veya patentten do\u011fan koruma kapsam\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tarihte, istem veya istemlerde belirtilmi\u015f unsurlara e\u015fde\u011fer nitelikte olan unsurlar da dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r (5 inci f\u0131kra) (e\u015fde\u011ferler doktrini).<\/span>
\n-Tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tarihte, e\u015fde\u011fer unsur, esas itibariyle ayn\u0131 i\u015flevi g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsa ve bunu ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyorsa ve istem veya istemlerde talep edilen unsur ile ayn\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yorsa, genel olarak istem veya istemlerde talep edilen unsurun e\u015fde\u011feri olarak kabul edilir (6 nc\u0131 f\u0131kra) (e\u015fde\u011ferler doktrini).<\/span>
\n-\u0130stem veya istemlerin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in patentin verilmesi ile ilgili i\u015flemler s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya patentin ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi s\u00fcresince, koruma kapsam\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde patent ba\u015fvurusu veya patent sahibinin beyanlar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r (7 nci f\u0131kra) (ba\u015fvuru sahibinin k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 beyanlar\u0131 \u2013 file wrapper doktrini).<\/span>
\n-Patent, bulu\u015fun i\u015flev veya sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rneklerini veya bulu\u015fun bir d\u00fczenlenmesinin \u00f6rneklerini kaps\u0131yorsa, istem veya istemler bu \u00f6rneklerle s\u0131n\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olarak yorumlanmaz. \u00d6zellikle, \u00fcr\u00fcn veya usul\u00fcn sahip oldu\u011fu ilave \u00f6zelliklerin patentte a\u00e7\u0131klanan \u00f6rneklerde bulunmamas\u0131, bu \u00f6rneklerde bulunan \u00f6zellikleri kapsamamas\u0131 veya bu \u00f6rneklerde belirtilen her ama\u00e7 veya \u00f6zelli\u011fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirememesi hallerinde, \u00fcr\u00fcn veya usul istem veya istemler ile sa\u011flanan koruma kapsam\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutulmaz (8 inci f\u0131kra).<\/span><\/p>\n\u0130stemlerin yorumlanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin 83 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddenin yorumu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu maddenin yorumlanmas\u0131nda temel al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken ilke, birinci ve ikinci f\u0131kralarda a\u00e7\u0131klanan \u201c\u0130stem veya istemlerin tarifname ve resimler esas al\u0131narak yorumlanaca\u011f\u0131\u201d, ve \u201cistem veya istemlerin, bir yandan patent ba\u015fvurusu veya patent sahibine hakk\u0131 olan korumay\u0131 sa\u011flayacak ve di\u011fer yandan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filere de koruman\u0131n kapsam\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan makul bir d\u00fczeyde kesinlik ifade edecek \u015fekilde birlikte yorumlanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi\u201ddir.<\/span><\/p>\nBu temel ilke gerek patent ve faydal\u0131 model belgelerinin verilmesi, gerekse h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck talepleri ve tecav\u00fcz hallerinin de\u011ferlendirilmesi a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Zira 83 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddenin 7 nci f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki \u201cistem veya istemlerin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in patentin\/faydal\u0131 modelin verilmesi ile ilgili i\u015flemler s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya patentin\/faydal\u0131 modelin ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi s\u00fcresince, koruma kapsam\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde patent\/faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurusu veya patent\/faydal\u0131 model sahibinin beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n dikkate al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fc yanl\u0131\u015f yorumlanmaya a\u00e7\u0131k olup, bu \u015fekilde yanl\u0131\u015f yorumlamaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak da ba\u015fvuru ya da patent\/faydal\u0131 model sahibinin beyanlar\u0131, istemlerle s\u0131n\u0131rlanan kapsam\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesi yolunu a\u00e7abilir. Bu son derece sak\u0131ncal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu f\u0131kra h\u00fckm\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda kastedilen beyanlar, kapsam\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki beyanlar olmay\u0131p tam aksine i\u015flemler s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya sonras\u0131nda ba\u015fvuru\/belge sahibinin \u201ckapsam\u0131n daralt\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin beyanlar\u201dd\u0131r. Bu h\u00fckm\u00fcn bu \u015fekilde anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Zira bu yakla\u015f\u0131m uluslararas\u0131 uygulamalarda hak sahibinin k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 beyanlar\u0131 (file wrapper) doktrini olarak kabul edilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\nK\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 beyanlar doktrinine \u00f6rnek olarak, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yer alan istemi kapsayan bir patent ba\u015fvurusunun i\u015flemleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u015fvuru sahibinin bir beyan\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterebiliriz.<\/span>
\n\u0130stem 1: Fincan saplar\u0131n\u0131n kayganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi (s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131) i\u00e7in sap\u0131n fincan taraf\u0131n\u0131n ya da t\u00fcm y\u00fczeyinin p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fc malzeme ile kaplanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ile karakterize edilen fincan.<\/span>
\nS\u00f6z konusu patentin ba\u015fvuru sahibi patentin i\u015flemleri a\u015famalar\u0131nda \u201csap\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fc veya p\u00fcr\u00fczlendirilmi\u015f malzemeden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 istemlerin kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r\u201d ya da \u201cbu bulu\u015f sap\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fc veya p\u00fcr\u00fczlendirilmi\u015f malzemeden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan fincanlar\u0131 kapsamamaktad\u0131r\u201d ifadesini i\u00e7eren bir beyanda bulunmu\u015f ise bu durumda sap\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131 p\u00fcr\u00fczlendirilmi\u015f malzemeden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan fincanlar koruma kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olacakt\u0131r. Bu durum \u00f6zellikle h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck ve tecav\u00fcz hallerinde \u00f6nemle de\u011ferlendirilmesi gereken konudur.<\/span><\/p>\n83 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddenin 4 ve 5 inci f\u0131kralar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klanan \u201ce\u015fde\u011fer nitelikte olan unsur\u201d ve \u201cistemlerde talep edilen unsur ile ayn\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131karan unsurlar\u0131n e\u015fde\u011fer kabul edilmesi\u201d ifadelerinin de yorumlanmas\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. E\u015fde\u011ferler doktrini olarak an\u0131lan doktrine g\u00f6re patent ile korunan bir bulu\u015fun istemlerinden herhangi bir birinde a\u00e7\u0131klanan koruma talep edilen unsurlar\u0131n i\u015flev, ara\u00e7lar ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131nda e\u015fde\u011fer olmas\u0131 anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\nE\u015fde\u011ferler doktrinine \u00f6rnek olarak, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da 1 numaral\u0131 istemi ve \u015fekilleri yer alan bir patenti ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu varsayarak g\u00f6sterebiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\nS\u00f6z konusu patentin 1 numaral\u0131 istemini ama\u00e7, i\u015flev, ara\u00e7lar (unsurlar) ve sonu\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fimizde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hususlar\u0131 tesbit edebiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\nAMA\u00c7 : Otomobil camlar\u0131ndaki yo\u011fu\u015fmu\u015f su buhar\u0131n\u0131 (bu\u011fulanmay\u0131) gidermek<\/span><\/p>\n\u0130\u015eLEV : Elektrik enerjisi ile bir malzeme \u00fczerinde \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretmek,<\/span><\/p>\nARA\u00c7LAR \/ UNSURLAR :<\/span>
\n-\u015eeffaf malzeme,<\/span>
\n-Malzeme \u00fczerine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f,<\/span>
\n-De\u011fi\u015fik geometrik bi\u00e7imlerde,<\/span>
\n-Tercihen Cu veya Al tel<\/span><\/p>\nSONU\u00c7 : \u00dcretilen \u0131s\u0131 ile cam\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tmak, yo\u011fu\u015fmu\u015f su buhar\u0131n\u0131 tekrar buharla\u015ft\u0131rmak ve cam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yo\u011fu\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde tutmak.<\/span><\/p>\nS\u00f6z konusu patentin ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu varsayarak 3 ayr\u0131 alternatif durumu ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011ferlendirelim.<\/span>
\nAlternatif \u2013 1 : Telin Fe veya Ni veya herhangi bir ala\u015f\u0131m olmas\u0131,<\/span>
\nAlternatif \u2013 2 : Tel yerine boru i\u00e7inde kimyasal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, elekrik enerjisi verilerek kimyasal reaksiyon olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretilmesi<\/span>
\nAlternatif \u2013 3 : Tel yerine boru i\u00e7inde kimyasal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, elekrik enerjisi ya da mekanik yol ile bir piston herket ettirilip bas\u0131n\u00e7 uygulanmas\u0131, kimyasal reaksiyon olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretilmesi<\/span><\/p>\nHer 3 alternaif de ilk bak\u0131\u015fta, s\u00f6zkonusu 1 numaral\u0131 istemde belirtilen korunan unsurlar\u0131 aynen i\u00e7ermemektedir. Bu durumda hemen tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmek do\u011fru olmaz. Zira farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen unsurlar\u0131n, ama\u00e7, i\u015flev ve sonu\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir. \u015e\u00f6yle ki;<\/span>
\nAlternatif 1; 1\u2019de telin bak\u0131r (Cu) veya aluminyum (Al) yerine demir (Fe) veya nikel (Ni) ya da herhangi bir ala\u015f\u0131m olmas\u0131 bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k olarak de\u011frlendirilmemelidir. Zira t\u00fcm\u00fc metal veya metal ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r ve e\u015fde\u011ferdir. \u0130\u015flev ve elde edilen sonu\u00e7 da ayn\u0131 oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilecektir. E\u011fer bu farkl\u0131l\u0131k beklenmeyen bir sonu\u00e7 do\u011furuyor ise bu durumda tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilir.<\/span><\/p>\nAlternatif; 2\u2019de tel yerine boru i\u00e7inde kimyasal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m kullan\u0131lmakta, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131ma elekrik enerjisi verilerek kimyasal reaksiyon olu\u015fturulmakta ve b\u00f6ylece \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretilmektedir. Bu durumda ara\u00e7lar (unsurlar) metal veya ala\u015f\u0131m olmay\u0131p kimyasal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi de \u00f6nemli olmakla birlikte farkl\u0131 bir teknik alan uygulamas\u0131 olarak de\u011felendirilebilir ve elde edilen sonu\u00e7 ayn\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/span><\/p>\nAlternatif; 3\u2019de tel yerine boru i\u00e7inde kimyasal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m kullan\u0131lmakta, elekrik ya da mekanik yol ile bir piston hareket ettirilip bas\u0131n\u00e7 uygulanmakta, bas\u0131n\u00e7 ile kimyasal reaksiyon olu\u015fturulmakta ve b\u00f6ylece \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretilmektedir. Bu durumda ara\u00e7lar (unsurlar) metal veya ala\u015f\u0131m olmay\u0131p kimyasal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi de \u00f6nemli olmakla birlikte, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131ma do\u011frudan elektrik verilmedi\u011fi, kimyasal reaksiyon bas\u0131n\u00e7 ile olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu ve farkl\u0131 bir teknik alan uygulamas\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n\u0130hlal ve tecav\u00fcz hallerinde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken t\u00fcm bu de\u011ferlendirmelerin,<\/span>
\n-hem bulu\u015fun ilgili oldu\u011fu teknik alanda uzman,<\/span>
\n-hem de patent\/faydal\u0131 model i\u015flemleri ve koruma kapsam\u0131 hakk\u0131nda yeterli d\u00fczeyde bilgi sahibi olan<\/span>
\nuzmanlarca yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019de usul patentleri ile ilgili olarak d\u00fczenlenen 84 \u00fcnc\u00fc madde h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re (TRIPS madde 34 ile uyumlu olarak) ispat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tecav\u00fcz etti\u011fi iddia edilene aittir. 136 nc\u0131 maddenin 2 nci f\u0131kras\u0131nda da \u201cusule tecav\u00fcz etmeksizin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcretti\u011fini iddia eden daval\u0131 bunu ispat etmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fc yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu durumda, \u00f6ncelikle ortaya koyulmas\u0131 gereken husus, patentin usul patenti olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
5- PATENT VE FAYDALI MODEL BELGELER\u0130N\u0130N H\u00dcK\u00dcMS\u00dcZL\u00dcK HALLER\u0130<\/span><\/h4>\nPatent veya Faydal\u0131 modelin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 129, 130, 131, 165 inci maddelerinde h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
Patent veya Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesi isteme hakk\u0131 ve Gasp ile ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmler ise 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 11-15 inci maddelerinde yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\nFaydal\u0131 Model Belgesinin yay\u0131n\u0131na itiraz etmeyen ki\u015filerin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck davas\u0131 a\u00e7amayacaklar\u0131na ili\u015fkin 165 inci maddenin son f\u0131kras\u0131; Anayasa Mahkemesinin 23.03.2004 tarih ve 2001\/1 Esas ve 2004\/36 Say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131 ile \u201cAnayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. maddesinde, \u201cHerkes, me\u015fru vas\u0131ta ve yollardan faydalanmak suretiyle yarg\u0131 mercileri \u00f6n\u00fcnde davac\u0131 veya daval\u0131 olarak iddia ve savunma ile adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131na sahiptir\u201d denilerek dava a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131na yer verildi\u011fi, ancak bu maddenin, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 91. maddesi ile s\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netim ve ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc haller d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcnde kararnamelerle d\u00fczenleme yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilen ikinci k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan dava a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131n\u0131 ilgilendiren d\u00fczenlemenin kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcnde kararnamelerle yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n olanakl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00f6zkonusu f\u0131kran\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 91. maddesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esi ile iptali gerekti\u011fi, konunun di\u011fer Anayasa kurallar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelenmesine gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmeksizin\u201d iptal edilmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc davas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir \u00f6n ko\u015ful<\/span>
\nniteli\u011finde olan yasal \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde itiraz etmi\u015f olmak zorunlulu\u011fu ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015f, h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck davas\u0131, zarar g\u00f6ren herkesin a\u00e7abilece\u011fi bir dava haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\nPatent ve faydal\u0131 model belgelerinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc konular\u0131;<\/span>
\n-Patent belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili genel h\u00fck\u00fcmler ve h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck talepleri,<\/span>
\n-Faydal\u0131 model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili genel h\u00fck\u00fcmler ve h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck talepleri,<\/span>
\n-\u0130ncelemeli patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talepleri,<\/span>
\n\u2013 \u0130ncelemesiz patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talepleri,<\/span>
\n\u2013 EPO patentinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talepleri,<\/span>
\n\u2013 Tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin iddialar (menfi tesbit)<\/span>
\nba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 alt\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da irdelenmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n3.1-Patent belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili genel h\u00fck\u00fcmler ve h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck talepleri<\/u><\/span>
\nPatent belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili genel h\u00fck\u00fcmler 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 129, 130 ve 131 inci maddelerinde yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu maddelerdeki h\u00fck\u00fcmler birarada de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde;<\/span><\/p>\nPatentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in,<\/span>
\n-Patent konusunun, patent verilme kriterleri ile ilgili 5 inci ila 10 uncu maddelerde belirtilen, patent verilebilirlik \u015fartlar\u0131na sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n,<\/span>
\n-Bulu\u015fun, bulu\u015f konusunun ilgili oldu\u011fu teknik alanda bir uzman\u0131n onu uygulamaya koyabilmesini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lacak yeterlikte, a\u00e7\u0131k ve tam olarak tan\u0131mlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n;<\/span>
\n-Patent konusunun, yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan ba\u015fvurunun kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya patentin bulu\u015fun b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili 45 inci madde anlam\u0131nda ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bir ba\u015fvuruya veya Patent isteme hakk\u0131n\u0131n gasb\u0131 ile ilgili 12 inci maddeye g\u00f6re yap\u0131lan bir ba\u015fvuruya dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n kapsamlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n;<\/span>
\n-Patent sahibinin, patent isteme hakk\u0131 ile ilgili 11 inci maddeye g\u00f6re patent isteme hakk\u0131na sahip bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n,<\/span>
\nispat edilmesi gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\nPatent sahibinin, patent isteme hakk\u0131 ile ilgili 11 inci maddeye g\u00f6re patent isteme hakk\u0131na sahip bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki iddia, ancak, bulu\u015fu yapan veya halefleri taraf\u0131ndan ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. Bu durumda, bu Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararnamenin patent isteme hakk\u0131n\u0131n gasb\u0131 ile ilgili 12 nci maddesi h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulan\u0131r ve hak sahibi,<\/span>
\n-Gasb\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu dava konusu \u00f6nceki patent ba\u015fvurusunun kendi ba\u015fvurusu olarak kabul edilmesini ve i\u015flem g\u00f6rmesini isteyebilir, veya<\/span>
\n-Ayn\u0131 r\u00fc\u00e7han hakk\u0131ndan yararlanarak ayn\u0131 bulu\u015f i\u00e7in yeni bir patent ba\u015fvurusu yapabilir (Bu ba\u015fvuru ilk ba\u015fvurunun tarihi itibariyle i\u015flem g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Bu durumda, gasb\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu ba\u015fvuru h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz kal\u0131r). veya<\/span>
\n-Gasb\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu ba\u015fvurunun red edilmesini talep edebilir.<\/span><\/p>\nPatentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talebi patentin baz\u0131 istemleri i\u00e7in yap\u0131labilir. Bu talep, patentin k\u0131smi h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ancak herhangi bir istemin k\u0131smen h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talep edilemez, edilse dahi herhangi bir istem k\u0131smen h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz k\u0131l\u0131namaz.<\/span><\/p>\nPatentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, zarar g\u00f6ren ki\u015filer, Cumhuriyet Savc\u0131lar\u0131 kanal\u0131yla ilgili resmi makamlar ve ayn\u0131 bulu\u015f ile ilgili patent isteme hakk\u0131na sahip ki\u015filer talep edebilir.<\/span><\/p>\nPatentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, koruma s\u00fcresinin devam\u0131nca veya hakk\u0131n sona ermesini izleyen be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7inde dava edilebilir. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n herhangi bir nedenle sona ermesinden (patentin s\u00fcresinin dolmas\u0131ndan, y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fccretlerin \u00f6denmemesinden gibi) 5 y\u0131l sonras\u0131na kadar talep edilece\u011fi anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\nPatentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc davas\u0131, davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda Patent Sicili\u2019nde patent sahibi olarak kay\u0131tl\u0131 ki\u015fiye kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\nPatentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne karar verilmesi halinde, karar\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fe etkili do\u011far ve patent veya patent ba\u015fvurusuna, hukuki bak\u0131mdan sa\u011flanan koruma, h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck kapsam\u0131nda do\u011fmam\u0131\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\nH\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck geriye d\u00f6n\u00fck olarak, (patent sahibinin k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli olarak hareket etmesinden kaynaklanan zarar\u0131n giderilmesine ili\u015fkin tazminat talepleri sakl\u0131 kalmak \u00fczere),<\/span><\/p>\na \u2013 Patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz say\u0131lmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce, bir patente tecav\u00fcz sebebiyle verilen hukuken kesinle\u015fmi\u015f ve uygulanm\u0131\u015f kararlar\u0131;<\/span>
\nb \u2013 Patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne karar verilmeden \u00f6nce, yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve uygulanm\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri, (ancak, hal ve \u015fartlara g\u00f6re, hakl\u0131 sebepler ve hakkaniyet d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ile s\u00f6zle\u015fme uyar\u0131nca \u00f6denmi\u015f bedelin k\u0131smen veya tamamen iadesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr)<\/span>
\netkilemez.<\/span><\/p>\n3.2- Faydal\u0131 model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili genel h\u00fck\u00fcmler ve h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck talepleri<\/u><\/span>
\nFaydal\u0131 Model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili genel h\u00fck\u00fcmler 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 165 inci maddesinde yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu maddedeki h\u00fck\u00fcmler de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde;<\/span><\/p>\nFaydal\u0131 Model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in,<\/span><\/p>\na \u2013 Faydal\u0131 model belgesi konusunun, faydal\u0131 model belgesi verilme kriterleri ile ilgili 154, 155 ve 156 nc\u0131 maddelerinde belirtilen h\u00fck\u00fcmlere ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n,<\/span>
\nb \u2013 Faydal\u0131 model belgesi konusu bulu\u015fun, bulu\u015f konusunun ilgili oldu\u011fu teknik alandaki bir uzman\u0131n onu uygulamaya koyabilmesini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lacak yeterlikte, a\u00e7\u0131k ve tam olarak tan\u0131mlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n,<\/span>
\nc \u2013 Faydal\u0131 model belgesi konusunun, faydal\u0131 model belgesi verilmesi i\u00e7in yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan ba\u015fvurunun kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n veya faydal\u0131 model belgesinin bulu\u015fun b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili 45 inci madde anlam\u0131nda ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bir ba\u015fvuruya veya Patent isteme hakk\u0131n\u0131n gasb\u0131 ile ilgili 12 inci maddeye g\u00f6re yap\u0131lan bir ba\u015fvuruya dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n kapsamlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n,<\/span>
\nd \u2013 Faydal\u0131 model belgesi sahibinin, faydal\u0131 model belgesi isteme hakk\u0131 ile ilgili 157 nci maddeye g\u00f6re faydal\u0131 model belgesi isteme hakk\u0131na sahip bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n,<\/span>
\nispat edilmesi gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\nFaydal\u0131 model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc davas\u0131,<\/span>
\n-Zarar g\u00f6ren \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filer veya Cumhuriyet Savc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla ilgili resmi makamlar, veya<\/span>
\n-Faydal\u0131 model belgesi isteme hakk\u0131na sahip ki\u015filer<\/span>
\ntaraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/p>\nFaydal\u0131 model sahibinin, faydal\u0131 model isteme hakk\u0131 ile ilgili 157 nci maddeye g\u00f6re faydal\u0131 model isteme hakk\u0131na sahip bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki iddia, ancak, bulu\u015fu yapan veya halefleri taraf\u0131ndan ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. Bu durumda, bu Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararnamenin Patent isteme hakk\u0131n\u0131n gasb\u0131 ile ilgili 12 nci maddesi h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulan\u0131r ve hak sahibi,<\/span>
\n-Gasb\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu dava konusu \u00f6nceki faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurusunun kendi ba\u015fvurusu olarak kabul edilmesini ve i\u015flem g\u00f6rmesini isteyebilir, veya<\/span>
\n-Ayn\u0131 r\u00fc\u00e7han hakk\u0131ndan yararlanarak ayn\u0131 bulu\u015f i\u00e7in yeni bir faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurusu yapabilir (Bu ba\u015fvuru ilk ba\u015fvurunun tarihi itibariyle i\u015flem g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Bu durumda, gasb\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu ba\u015fvuru h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz kal\u0131r), veya<\/span>
\n-Gasb\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu ba\u015fvurunun red edilmesini talep edebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 165 inci maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 \u201cZarar g\u00f6ren \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin ve ilgili resmi makamlar\u0131n faydal\u0131 model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc talep edebilmeleri i\u00e7in, (faydal\u0131 model belgesinin yay\u0131n\u0131 sonras\u0131 itiraz ile ilgili olan) 161 inci maddeye g\u00f6re itiraz yapm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc amirdir. Bir ba\u015fka ifade ile bu h\u00fck\u00fcm \u201cfaydal\u0131 model belgesi ba\u015fvurusunun yay\u0131n\u0131na itiraz etmeyenlerin (faydal\u0131 model isteme hakk\u0131 sahipleri hari\u00e7) h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck talebi ile dava a\u00e7amayacaklar\u0131 anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\nAncak, 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 165 inci maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n Anayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131yla, Bursa 1. Asliye Ticaret Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan konu Anayasa Mahkemesine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere s\u00f6zkonusu f\u0131kra (551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK madde 165 f\u0131kra 3) Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan 21.04.2004 tarih ve 25440 Say\u0131l\u0131 Resmi Gazetede yay\u0131nlanan Karar ile iptal edilmi\u015ftir. Bu durumda faydal\u0131 model belgesinin yay\u0131n\u0131na itiraz etmeyenlerin de h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma yolu a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\nFaydal\u0131 model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, patentlerdeki durumdan farkl\u0131 olarak sadece koruma s\u00fcresinin devam\u0131nca talep edilebilir. Oysa patentlerde hakk\u0131n sona ermesinden itibaren 5 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde de h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/span><\/p>\nFaydal\u0131 modelin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talebi, patentlerde oldu\u011fu gibi faydal\u0131 modelin baz\u0131 istemleri i\u00e7in yap\u0131labilir. Bu talep, faydal\u0131 modelin k\u0131smi h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ancak herhangi bir istemin k\u0131smen h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talep edilemez, edilse dahi herhangi bir istem k\u0131smen h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz k\u0131l\u0131namaz.<\/span>
\nKHK nin 156 nc\u0131 maddesine dayan\u0131larak a\u00e7\u0131lan Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc davas\u0131nda, davac\u0131 yan\u0131n talebi \u00fczerine dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk Patent Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Resmi Patent Siciline i\u015flenmesi ve Resmi Patent B\u00fclteninde ilan edilmesi halinde, Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesi sahibi, s\u00f6z konusu dava sonu\u00e7lan\u0131ncaya kadar, Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesinden do\u011fan haklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filere kar\u015f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcremez hale gelmektedir. Ancak bu durumda dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken husus, Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesi sahibinin, dava sonunda hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 halinde u\u011frayaca\u011f\u0131 zararlar\u0131n tazminidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ayn\u0131 maddede, belge sahibinin zarar\u0131 oldu\u011fu taktirde bu zarar\u0131n tazmini ile ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmler sakl\u0131 tutulmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\nYukar\u0131da da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurular\u0131nda itirazlara ra\u011fmen belge verilebilmektedir. Bu durum ile ilgili olarak, \u201c\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin gerek\u00e7eli itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fvuru sahibi taraf\u0131ndan dikkate al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n faydal\u0131 model belgesinin verilmesi ve yap\u0131lan itirazla illiyeti nedeniyle, mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan bu maddeye g\u00f6re faydal\u0131 model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne karar verilmesi halinde,itirazda bulunmu\u015f olan zarar g\u00f6ren \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin, h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne karar verilen faydal\u0131 model belgesi sahibinden tazminat talep etme hakk\u0131 do\u011faca\u011f\u0131 165 inci maddenin son f\u0131kras\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n3.3- \u0130ncelemeli patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talepleri<\/u><\/span>
\nVerilmi\u015f bir incelemeli patent ile ilgili olarak TPE nezdinde yap\u0131lacak patentin verilmesi ile ilgili herhangi bir i\u015flem (y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fccret \u00f6demeleri, devir, lisans vs\u2019nin sicil kay\u0131t i\u015flemleri) yoktur. 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 129, 130 ve 131 inci maddelerinde yer alan h\u00fck\u00fcmler kapsam\u0131nda incelemeli bir patent i\u00e7in h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck davas\u0131 g\u00f6revli ve yetkili Mahkemede a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r ve patentin k\u0131smen ya da tamamen h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ya da davan\u0131n reddine Mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan karar verilir.<\/span><\/p>\n3.4- \u0130ncelemesiz patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talepleri<\/u><\/span>
\n\u0130ncelemesiz patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talepleri ile ilgili de\u011ferlendirmeleri yapmadan \u00f6nce;<\/span>
\n-\u0130ncelemesiz patentin gerek\u00e7esi,<\/span>
\n-incelemesiz patentin verildi\u011fi ana kadarki i\u015flemler ile sonraki i\u015flemler,<\/span>
\n-Patentlerin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talebinin incelemesi patentlere uygulanabilirli\u011fi,<\/span>
\nhususlar\u0131n\u0131n iredelenmesi gerekmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n\u0130ncelemesiz patentin amac\u0131 ve gerek\u00e7esi;<\/span><\/p>\n\u0130ncelemesiz patent verilmesinin temel amac\u0131, ba\u015fvuru sahibinin ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporunu elde ettikten sonra,<\/span>
\n-Bulu\u015funun patentlenebilirli\u011fi ile ilgili olarak ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi sahibi olup, bulu\u015f konusu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcretmek ve pazarlamak i\u00e7in gerekli planlar\u0131 ve analizleri yapmak i\u00e7in zaman kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak,<\/span>
\n-\u0130nceleme \u00fccretlerinin daha sonra \u00f6denerek inceleme talebinin ertelenmesine olanak sa\u011flamak,<\/span>
\nolarak s\u0131ralanabilir.<\/span><\/p>\nBu gerek\u00e7eler ve ama\u00e7lar dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, incelemesiz sistemin asl\u0131nda, patentle sa\u011flanan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc hakk\u0131n, ba\u015fvurunun incelemesi yap\u0131lmadan ba\u015fvuru sahibine verilmesi sistemi olmay\u0131p, sadece patentle sa\u011flanmas\u0131 olas\u0131 haklar\u0131n elde edilmesi a\u015famalar\u0131ndan biri olan inceleme i\u015fleminin ertelenmesi hakk\u0131 oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Zira ba\u015fvuru sahibi, ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporunu ald\u0131ktan sonra incelemesiz patent talep ederek, ba\u015fvurunun incelemeli patent verilmesi i\u00e7in gereken inceleme talebini ba\u015fvurudan itibaren 7 y\u0131l s\u00fcre ile erteleyebilmekte ve b\u00f6ylece ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporunun i\u00e7eri\u011fi nas\u0131l olursa olsun, incelemesiz patent elde edebilmektedir. \u0130ncelemesiz patent k\u0131saca, incelemeli olarak verilmesi gereken patentin ve onun do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131 haklar\u0131n ba\u015fvurudan itibaren 7 y\u0131l s\u00fcre ile ertelenmesinden ba\u015fka bir\u015fey de\u011fildir. \u0130ncelemesiz olarak verilmi\u015f bir patentin incelemeli verilmi\u015f bir patent ile e\u015fit haklar do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi bile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/span>
\nincelemesiz patentin verildi\u011fi ana kadarki i\u015flemler ile sonraki i\u015flemler,<\/span><\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Bu bildiride, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de patent ve faydal\u0131 model haklar\u0131 ile ilgili uygulamalar;<\/span> <\/p>\n Patent verilerek korunabilecek bulu\u015flarda;<\/span> <\/p>\n Faydal\u0131 model belgesi ile korunabilecek bulu\u015flarda ise;<\/span> Herhangi bir patent veya faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurusu, usul\u00fcne uygun doldurulmu\u015f ve imzalanm\u0131\u015f dilek\u00e7e ekinde bulu\u015fu a\u00e7\u0131klayan \u00f6zet, tarifname, korunmak istenen unsurlar\u0131 i\u00e7eren istemler ve varsa \u015fekillerin T\u00fcrk Patent Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019ne verilmesi ile yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u015eekli a\u00e7\u0131dan eksiklik yok ise ba\u015fvuru bu a\u015famadan itibaren i\u015flemdedir.<\/span><\/p>\n S\u00f6z konusu ba\u015fvuru faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurusu ise, ba\u015fvuru sahibinin erken yay\u0131n talebi \u00fczerine hemen veya ba\u015fvuru tarihinden (varsa r\u00fc\u00e7han tarihinden) itibaren 18 ay sonra yay\u0131nlan\u0131r ve 3. ki\u015filerin itiraz\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Ba\u015fvuru sahibi, s\u00f6z konusu faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurusunun tarifname ve istemlerini, ba\u015fvurunun ilk kapsam\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmamak (geni\u015fletmemek) \u015fart\u0131 ile faydal\u0131 model belgesi verilmeden \u00f6nce de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir. Baz\u0131 istemleri birle\u015ftirebilir veya baz\u0131 istemleri \u00e7\u0131kartarak koruma kapsam\u0131n\u0131 daraltabilir. Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler itiraz(lar) sonras\u0131nda yap\u0131labilece\u011fi gibi, belge verilmesinden \u00f6nce ba\u015fvuru sahibi taraf\u0131ndan her an yap\u0131labilir. Ba\u015fvuru sahibi, itiraz(lar)a ra\u011fmen kendisine faydal\u0131 model belgesi verilmesini de talep edebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n T\u00fcm bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalardan faydal\u0131 model belgesi ile korunamayacak nitelikteki bulu\u015flara dahi faydal\u0131 model belgesinin verilebildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Erken yay\u0131n talep edildi\u011fi ve yay\u0131na itiraz olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde 7-9 ay i\u00e7erisinde faydal\u0131 model belgesinin verilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Erken yay\u0131n talebinin olmamas\u0131 durumunda faydal\u0131 model belgesinin verilmesi s\u00fcreci 24 aya kadar \u00e7\u0131kabilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n Bulu\u015fun korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan ba\u015fvuru patent ba\u015fvurusu ise, ba\u015fvuru sahibinin ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporu talebi sonras\u0131ndaki erken yay\u0131n talebi \u00fczerine hemen veya ba\u015fvuru tarihinden (varsa r\u00fc\u00e7han tarihinden) itibaren 18 ay sonra yay\u0131nlan\u0131r. Patent ba\u015fvurusu yap\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda, s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde (ba\u015fvuru tarihinden, varsa r\u00fc\u00e7han tarihinden itibaren 15 ay i\u00e7inde) ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporu d\u00fczenlenmesinin talep edilmesi gerekir. Talep sonras\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Raporu d\u00fczenlenir. Daha sonra da inceleme rapor(lar)\u0131 d\u00fczenlenir. Ba\u015fvuru sahibi s\u00f6z konusu patent ba\u015fvurusunun tarifname ve istemlerini ba\u015fvurunun ilk kapsam\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmamak (geni\u015fletmemek) \u015fart\u0131 ile her an (ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporu sonras\u0131nda veya inceleme raporlar\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 a\u015famalar\u0131nda) de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir. Baz\u0131 istemleri birle\u015ftirebilir ya da baz\u0131 istemleri \u00e7\u0131kartabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n Ba\u015fvuru sahibi ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporunun yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131ndan itibaren 6 ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131labilecek itiraz(lar)a ra\u011fmen kendisine incelemesiz patent verilmesini talep edebilir. Buradan patent ile korunamayacak bulu\u015flara da incelemesiz patent belgesinin verilebildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130ncelemesiz patent verilme s\u00fcresi 2-3 y\u0131l aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Bu s\u00fcre T\u00fcrk Patent Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ad\u0131na ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporu haz\u0131rlanma i\u015flemini yapan ara\u015ft\u0131rma kurulu\u015funa g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n Ek-1\u2019de PCT\/GB99\/03939 ba\u015fvuru ve WO 00\/35184 yay\u0131n numaral\u0131 \u201cportatif faks makinesi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bulu\u015funun yay\u0131n sayfas\u0131 ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Raporu yer almaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu ba\u015fvurunun korunmas\u0131 istenen unsurlar\u0131 11 adet istem ile belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporu incelendi\u011finde 1-4 ve 6-11 (1, 2, 3,4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 ve 11) numaral\u0131 istemlerinin Y kategorisinde oldu\u011fu yani bulu\u015f basama\u011f\u0131 kriterini kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131; bir ba\u015fka ifade ile 5 numaral\u0131 istem hari\u00e7 di\u011fer istemlerin patent verilme kriterlerine uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u015fvuruya istemlerin bu hali ve bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporu ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de incelemesiz patent verilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ba\u015fvuru sahibi, haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olan ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporunu dikkate alarak istemlerini kapsam\u0131 geni\u015fletmemek kayd\u0131 ile yeniden d\u00fczenleyip (kapsam\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlayarak), inceleme talep edip, olumlu inceleme raporu alarak, patent alabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n \u0130nceleme raporu talebi sonras\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanan inceleme rapor(lar)\u0131n\u0131n olumlu olmas\u0131 halinde ba\u015fvuruya incelemeli patent verilir. Buradan anla\u015f\u0131lan, patent verilme kriterlerine uygun olarak verilmi\u015f patent, incelemeli patenttir. Bir ba\u015fka ifade ile patent verilme kriterlerine uygun olmayan bulu\u015flara incelemeli patent verilemez. \u0130ncelemeli patent verilme s\u00fcresi 2-5 y\u0131l aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Bu s\u00fcre ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve inceleme kurulu\u015flar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha fazla (6-8 y\u0131l gibi) olabilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n Ek-2\u2019de PCT\/TR 2003\/00016 ba\u015fvuru ve WO 2004\/030872 yay\u0131n numaral\u0131 \u201cAyakl\u0131 robotlar i\u00e7in ak\u0131\u015fkan transferi ile denge sistemi\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bulu\u015funun yay\u0131n sayfas\u0131, \u0130nceleme raporu yer almaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6zkonusu ba\u015fvurunun korunmas\u0131 istenen unsurlar\u0131 17 adet istem ile belirtilmi\u015ftir. \u0130nceleme raporu incelendi\u011finde;<\/span> Ek-3\u2019de PCT\/TR 02\/00021 ba\u015fvuru ve WO 03\/009252 yay\u0131n numaral\u0131 \u201cKalan Yanma S\u00fcresini G\u00f6steren Trafik Lambas\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bulu\u015funun yay\u0131n sayfas\u0131, Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Raporu ve \u0130nceleme raporu yer almaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu ba\u015fvurunun korunmas\u0131 istenen unsurlar\u0131 20 adet istem ile belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Raporu incelendi\u011finde; t\u00fcm istemlerin 2 kar\u015f\u0131 dok\u00fcman nedeni ile yeni olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bulu\u015f basama\u011f\u0131 kriterini kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu nedenle patent verilme kriterlerine uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u015fvuruya istemlerin bu hali ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de incelemesiz patent verilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ba\u015fvuru sahibi istemlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirerek istem say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 18\u2019e indirmi\u015f ve Ek-3\u2019de yer alan olumlu inceleme raporunu alarak bulu\u015funa patent verilmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu bulu\u015f T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2003 02049 numaral\u0131 incelemeli patent ile korunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Her ikisi de bulu\u015flar\u0131n korunmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olan patent ve faydal\u0131 model belgelerinin aras\u0131ndaki farklar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda \u00f6zetlenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Faydal\u0131 Model \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130ncelemesiz Patent \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130ncelemeli Patent<\/span> D\u00fcnyada yenilik\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u00fcnyada yenilik\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u00fcnyada yenilik<\/span> Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Raporu D\u00fczenleniyor mu?<\/span><\/p>\n Hay\u0131r \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Evet \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Evet<\/span><\/p>\n \u0130nceleme Raporu D\u00fczenleniyor mu?<\/span><\/p>\n Hay\u0131r \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hay\u0131r \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Evet<\/span><\/p>\n Koruma S\u00fcresi<\/span><\/p>\n 10 y\u0131l \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 7 y\u0131l \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 20 y\u0131l<\/span><\/p>\n Kriterlere uygun olmama durumunda belge veriliyor mu?<\/span><\/p>\n Evet \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Evet \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hay\u0131r<\/span><\/p>\n \u0130\u015flem s\u00fcresi<\/span><\/p>\n 8-24 ay \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1-3 y\u0131l \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2-5 y\u0131l<\/span><\/p>\n Herhangi bir bulu\u015fun patent ya da faydal\u0131 model ile korunan unsurlar\u0131 \u0130stemler ad\u0131 verilen k\u0131s\u0131mda a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0130stemler ile ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmler 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 47, 83 ve 84 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddelerinde h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Patent ya da faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurular\u0131n\u0131n veya verilmi\u015f patent ya da faydal\u0131 model belgesinin korunan unsurlar\u0131 \u0130stem veya \u0130stemlerde belirtilir. 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019in 47 inci maddesi h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re \u201c\u0130stem veya istemler tarifnamede tan\u0131mlanan bulu\u015fun kapsam\u0131n\u0131 a\u015famaz\u201d. 83 \u00fcnc\u00fc madde istem ve istemlerin yorumlanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkindir. Bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re;<\/span> \u0130stemlerin yorumlanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin 83 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddenin yorumu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu maddenin yorumlanmas\u0131nda temel al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken ilke, birinci ve ikinci f\u0131kralarda a\u00e7\u0131klanan \u201c\u0130stem veya istemlerin tarifname ve resimler esas al\u0131narak yorumlanaca\u011f\u0131\u201d, ve \u201cistem veya istemlerin, bir yandan patent ba\u015fvurusu veya patent sahibine hakk\u0131 olan korumay\u0131 sa\u011flayacak ve di\u011fer yandan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filere de koruman\u0131n kapsam\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan makul bir d\u00fczeyde kesinlik ifade edecek \u015fekilde birlikte yorumlanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi\u201ddir.<\/span><\/p>\n Bu temel ilke gerek patent ve faydal\u0131 model belgelerinin verilmesi, gerekse h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck talepleri ve tecav\u00fcz hallerinin de\u011ferlendirilmesi a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Zira 83 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddenin 7 nci f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki \u201cistem veya istemlerin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in patentin\/faydal\u0131 modelin verilmesi ile ilgili i\u015flemler s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya patentin\/faydal\u0131 modelin ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi s\u00fcresince, koruma kapsam\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde patent\/faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurusu veya patent\/faydal\u0131 model sahibinin beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n dikkate al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fc yanl\u0131\u015f yorumlanmaya a\u00e7\u0131k olup, bu \u015fekilde yanl\u0131\u015f yorumlamaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak da ba\u015fvuru ya da patent\/faydal\u0131 model sahibinin beyanlar\u0131, istemlerle s\u0131n\u0131rlanan kapsam\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesi yolunu a\u00e7abilir. Bu son derece sak\u0131ncal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu f\u0131kra h\u00fckm\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda kastedilen beyanlar, kapsam\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki beyanlar olmay\u0131p tam aksine i\u015flemler s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya sonras\u0131nda ba\u015fvuru\/belge sahibinin \u201ckapsam\u0131n daralt\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin beyanlar\u201dd\u0131r. Bu h\u00fckm\u00fcn bu \u015fekilde anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Zira bu yakla\u015f\u0131m uluslararas\u0131 uygulamalarda hak sahibinin k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 beyanlar\u0131 (file wrapper) doktrini olarak kabul edilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n K\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 beyanlar doktrinine \u00f6rnek olarak, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yer alan istemi kapsayan bir patent ba\u015fvurusunun i\u015flemleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda ba\u015fvuru sahibinin bir beyan\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterebiliriz.<\/span> 83 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddenin 4 ve 5 inci f\u0131kralar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klanan \u201ce\u015fde\u011fer nitelikte olan unsur\u201d ve \u201cistemlerde talep edilen unsur ile ayn\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131karan unsurlar\u0131n e\u015fde\u011fer kabul edilmesi\u201d ifadelerinin de yorumlanmas\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. E\u015fde\u011ferler doktrini olarak an\u0131lan doktrine g\u00f6re patent ile korunan bir bulu\u015fun istemlerinden herhangi bir birinde a\u00e7\u0131klanan koruma talep edilen unsurlar\u0131n i\u015flev, ara\u00e7lar ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131nda e\u015fde\u011fer olmas\u0131 anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n E\u015fde\u011ferler doktrinine \u00f6rnek olarak, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da 1 numaral\u0131 istemi ve \u015fekilleri yer alan bir patenti ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu varsayarak g\u00f6sterebiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n S\u00f6z konusu patentin 1 numaral\u0131 istemini ama\u00e7, i\u015flev, ara\u00e7lar (unsurlar) ve sonu\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirdi\u011fimizde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hususlar\u0131 tesbit edebiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n AMA\u00c7 : Otomobil camlar\u0131ndaki yo\u011fu\u015fmu\u015f su buhar\u0131n\u0131 (bu\u011fulanmay\u0131) gidermek<\/span><\/p>\n \u0130\u015eLEV : Elektrik enerjisi ile bir malzeme \u00fczerinde \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretmek,<\/span><\/p>\n ARA\u00c7LAR \/ UNSURLAR :<\/span> SONU\u00c7 : \u00dcretilen \u0131s\u0131 ile cam\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tmak, yo\u011fu\u015fmu\u015f su buhar\u0131n\u0131 tekrar buharla\u015ft\u0131rmak ve cam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yo\u011fu\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde tutmak.<\/span><\/p>\n S\u00f6z konusu patentin ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu varsayarak 3 ayr\u0131 alternatif durumu ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011ferlendirelim.<\/span> Her 3 alternaif de ilk bak\u0131\u015fta, s\u00f6zkonusu 1 numaral\u0131 istemde belirtilen korunan unsurlar\u0131 aynen i\u00e7ermemektedir. Bu durumda hemen tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmek do\u011fru olmaz. Zira farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen unsurlar\u0131n, ama\u00e7, i\u015flev ve sonu\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir. \u015e\u00f6yle ki;<\/span> Alternatif; 2\u2019de tel yerine boru i\u00e7inde kimyasal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m kullan\u0131lmakta, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131ma elekrik enerjisi verilerek kimyasal reaksiyon olu\u015fturulmakta ve b\u00f6ylece \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretilmektedir. Bu durumda ara\u00e7lar (unsurlar) metal veya ala\u015f\u0131m olmay\u0131p kimyasal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi de \u00f6nemli olmakla birlikte farkl\u0131 bir teknik alan uygulamas\u0131 olarak de\u011felendirilebilir ve elde edilen sonu\u00e7 ayn\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n Alternatif; 3\u2019de tel yerine boru i\u00e7inde kimyasal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m kullan\u0131lmakta, elekrik ya da mekanik yol ile bir piston hareket ettirilip bas\u0131n\u00e7 uygulanmakta, bas\u0131n\u00e7 ile kimyasal reaksiyon olu\u015fturulmakta ve b\u00f6ylece \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretilmektedir. Bu durumda ara\u00e7lar (unsurlar) metal veya ala\u015f\u0131m olmay\u0131p kimyasal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi de \u00f6nemli olmakla birlikte, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131ma do\u011frudan elektrik verilmedi\u011fi, kimyasal reaksiyon bas\u0131n\u00e7 ile olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu ve farkl\u0131 bir teknik alan uygulamas\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n \u0130hlal ve tecav\u00fcz hallerinde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken t\u00fcm bu de\u011ferlendirmelerin,<\/span> 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019de usul patentleri ile ilgili olarak d\u00fczenlenen 84 \u00fcnc\u00fc madde h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re (TRIPS madde 34 ile uyumlu olarak) ispat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tecav\u00fcz etti\u011fi iddia edilene aittir. 136 nc\u0131 maddenin 2 nci f\u0131kras\u0131nda da \u201cusule tecav\u00fcz etmeksizin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcretti\u011fini iddia eden daval\u0131 bunu ispat etmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fc yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu durumda, \u00f6ncelikle ortaya koyulmas\u0131 gereken husus, patentin usul patenti olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Patent veya Faydal\u0131 modelin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 129, 130, 131, 165 inci maddelerinde h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Patent veya Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesi isteme hakk\u0131 ve Gasp ile ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmler ise 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 11-15 inci maddelerinde yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesinin yay\u0131n\u0131na itiraz etmeyen ki\u015filerin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck davas\u0131 a\u00e7amayacaklar\u0131na ili\u015fkin 165 inci maddenin son f\u0131kras\u0131; Anayasa Mahkemesinin 23.03.2004 tarih ve 2001\/1 Esas ve 2004\/36 Say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131 ile \u201cAnayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. maddesinde, \u201cHerkes, me\u015fru vas\u0131ta ve yollardan faydalanmak suretiyle yarg\u0131 mercileri \u00f6n\u00fcnde davac\u0131 veya daval\u0131 olarak iddia ve savunma ile adil yarg\u0131lanma hakk\u0131na sahiptir\u201d denilerek dava a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131na yer verildi\u011fi, ancak bu maddenin, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 91. maddesi ile s\u0131k\u0131y\u00f6netim ve ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc haller d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcnde kararnamelerle d\u00fczenleme yap\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilen ikinci k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan dava a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131n\u0131 ilgilendiren d\u00fczenlemenin kanun h\u00fckm\u00fcnde kararnamelerle yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n olanakl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00f6zkonusu f\u0131kran\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 91. maddesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esi ile iptali gerekti\u011fi, konunun di\u011fer Anayasa kurallar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden incelenmesine gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmeksizin\u201d iptal edilmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc davas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir \u00f6n ko\u015ful<\/span> Patent ve faydal\u0131 model belgelerinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc konular\u0131;<\/span> 3.1-Patent belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili genel h\u00fck\u00fcmler ve h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck talepleri<\/u><\/span> Patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in,<\/span> Patent sahibinin, patent isteme hakk\u0131 ile ilgili 11 inci maddeye g\u00f6re patent isteme hakk\u0131na sahip bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki iddia, ancak, bulu\u015fu yapan veya halefleri taraf\u0131ndan ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. Bu durumda, bu Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararnamenin patent isteme hakk\u0131n\u0131n gasb\u0131 ile ilgili 12 nci maddesi h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulan\u0131r ve hak sahibi,<\/span> Patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talebi patentin baz\u0131 istemleri i\u00e7in yap\u0131labilir. Bu talep, patentin k\u0131smi h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ancak herhangi bir istemin k\u0131smen h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talep edilemez, edilse dahi herhangi bir istem k\u0131smen h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz k\u0131l\u0131namaz.<\/span><\/p>\n Patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, zarar g\u00f6ren ki\u015filer, Cumhuriyet Savc\u0131lar\u0131 kanal\u0131yla ilgili resmi makamlar ve ayn\u0131 bulu\u015f ile ilgili patent isteme hakk\u0131na sahip ki\u015filer talep edebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n Patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, koruma s\u00fcresinin devam\u0131nca veya hakk\u0131n sona ermesini izleyen be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7inde dava edilebilir. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm patent hakk\u0131n\u0131n herhangi bir nedenle sona ermesinden (patentin s\u00fcresinin dolmas\u0131ndan, y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fccretlerin \u00f6denmemesinden gibi) 5 y\u0131l sonras\u0131na kadar talep edilece\u011fi anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc davas\u0131, davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda Patent Sicili\u2019nde patent sahibi olarak kay\u0131tl\u0131 ki\u015fiye kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne karar verilmesi halinde, karar\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fe etkili do\u011far ve patent veya patent ba\u015fvurusuna, hukuki bak\u0131mdan sa\u011flanan koruma, h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck kapsam\u0131nda do\u011fmam\u0131\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n H\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck geriye d\u00f6n\u00fck olarak, (patent sahibinin k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli olarak hareket etmesinden kaynaklanan zarar\u0131n giderilmesine ili\u015fkin tazminat talepleri sakl\u0131 kalmak \u00fczere),<\/span><\/p>\n a \u2013 Patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz say\u0131lmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce, bir patente tecav\u00fcz sebebiyle verilen hukuken kesinle\u015fmi\u015f ve uygulanm\u0131\u015f kararlar\u0131;<\/span> 3.2- Faydal\u0131 model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili genel h\u00fck\u00fcmler ve h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck talepleri<\/u><\/span> Faydal\u0131 Model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in,<\/span><\/p>\n a \u2013 Faydal\u0131 model belgesi konusunun, faydal\u0131 model belgesi verilme kriterleri ile ilgili 154, 155 ve 156 nc\u0131 maddelerinde belirtilen h\u00fck\u00fcmlere ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n,<\/span> Faydal\u0131 model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc davas\u0131,<\/span> Faydal\u0131 model sahibinin, faydal\u0131 model isteme hakk\u0131 ile ilgili 157 nci maddeye g\u00f6re faydal\u0131 model isteme hakk\u0131na sahip bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki iddia, ancak, bulu\u015fu yapan veya halefleri taraf\u0131ndan ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. Bu durumda, bu Kanun H\u00fckm\u00fcnde Kararnamenin Patent isteme hakk\u0131n\u0131n gasb\u0131 ile ilgili 12 nci maddesi h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulan\u0131r ve hak sahibi,<\/span> 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 165 inci maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131 \u201cZarar g\u00f6ren \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin ve ilgili resmi makamlar\u0131n faydal\u0131 model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc talep edebilmeleri i\u00e7in, (faydal\u0131 model belgesinin yay\u0131n\u0131 sonras\u0131 itiraz ile ilgili olan) 161 inci maddeye g\u00f6re itiraz yapm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc amirdir. Bir ba\u015fka ifade ile bu h\u00fck\u00fcm \u201cfaydal\u0131 model belgesi ba\u015fvurusunun yay\u0131n\u0131na itiraz etmeyenlerin (faydal\u0131 model isteme hakk\u0131 sahipleri hari\u00e7) h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck talebi ile dava a\u00e7amayacaklar\u0131 anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Ancak, 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 165 inci maddesinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n Anayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131yla, Bursa 1. Asliye Ticaret Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan konu Anayasa Mahkemesine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere s\u00f6zkonusu f\u0131kra (551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK madde 165 f\u0131kra 3) Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan 21.04.2004 tarih ve 25440 Say\u0131l\u0131 Resmi Gazetede yay\u0131nlanan Karar ile iptal edilmi\u015ftir. Bu durumda faydal\u0131 model belgesinin yay\u0131n\u0131na itiraz etmeyenlerin de h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma yolu a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Faydal\u0131 model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, patentlerdeki durumdan farkl\u0131 olarak sadece koruma s\u00fcresinin devam\u0131nca talep edilebilir. Oysa patentlerde hakk\u0131n sona ermesinden itibaren 5 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde de h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/span><\/p>\n Faydal\u0131 modelin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talebi, patentlerde oldu\u011fu gibi faydal\u0131 modelin baz\u0131 istemleri i\u00e7in yap\u0131labilir. Bu talep, faydal\u0131 modelin k\u0131smi h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ancak herhangi bir istemin k\u0131smen h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talep edilemez, edilse dahi herhangi bir istem k\u0131smen h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz k\u0131l\u0131namaz.<\/span> Yukar\u0131da da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurular\u0131nda itirazlara ra\u011fmen belge verilebilmektedir. Bu durum ile ilgili olarak, \u201c\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin gerek\u00e7eli itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fvuru sahibi taraf\u0131ndan dikkate al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n faydal\u0131 model belgesinin verilmesi ve yap\u0131lan itirazla illiyeti nedeniyle, mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan bu maddeye g\u00f6re faydal\u0131 model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne karar verilmesi halinde,itirazda bulunmu\u015f olan zarar g\u00f6ren \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin, h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne karar verilen faydal\u0131 model belgesi sahibinden tazminat talep etme hakk\u0131 do\u011faca\u011f\u0131 165 inci maddenin son f\u0131kras\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n 3.3- \u0130ncelemeli patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talepleri<\/u><\/span> 3.4- \u0130ncelemesiz patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talepleri<\/u><\/span> \u0130ncelemesiz patentin amac\u0131 ve gerek\u00e7esi;<\/span><\/p>\n \u0130ncelemesiz patent verilmesinin temel amac\u0131, ba\u015fvuru sahibinin ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporunu elde ettikten sonra,<\/span> Bu gerek\u00e7eler ve ama\u00e7lar dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, incelemesiz sistemin asl\u0131nda, patentle sa\u011flanan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc hakk\u0131n, ba\u015fvurunun incelemesi yap\u0131lmadan ba\u015fvuru sahibine verilmesi sistemi olmay\u0131p, sadece patentle sa\u011flanmas\u0131 olas\u0131 haklar\u0131n elde edilmesi a\u015famalar\u0131ndan biri olan inceleme i\u015fleminin ertelenmesi hakk\u0131 oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Zira ba\u015fvuru sahibi, ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporunu ald\u0131ktan sonra incelemesiz patent talep ederek, ba\u015fvurunun incelemeli patent verilmesi i\u00e7in gereken inceleme talebini ba\u015fvurudan itibaren 7 y\u0131l s\u00fcre ile erteleyebilmekte ve b\u00f6ylece ara\u015ft\u0131rma raporunun i\u00e7eri\u011fi nas\u0131l olursa olsun, incelemesiz patent elde edebilmektedir. \u0130ncelemesiz patent k\u0131saca, incelemeli olarak verilmesi gereken patentin ve onun do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131 haklar\u0131n ba\u015fvurudan itibaren 7 y\u0131l s\u00fcre ile ertelenmesinden ba\u015fka bir\u015fey de\u011fildir. \u0130ncelemesiz olarak verilmi\u015f bir patentin incelemeli verilmi\u015f bir patent ile e\u015fit haklar do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi bile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/span>
\n-Patent ve Faydal\u0131 Model belgelerinin verilme kriterleri ve ba\u015fvuru sonras\u0131ndaki i\u015flemler;<\/span>
\n-Bulu\u015flar\u0131n patent veya faydal\u0131 model belgesi ile korunmas\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmesi,<\/span>
\n-Patent veya Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesi ile korunan bulu\u015fun koruma kapsam\u0131<\/span>
\n-Patent ve faydal\u0131 Model Belgelerinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck halleri,<\/span>
\n-Tecav\u00fcz halleri<\/span>
\nhukuki ve teknik a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6rneklerle de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n2- PATENT VE FAYDALI MODEL BELGELER\u0130N\u0130N VER\u0130LME KR\u0130TERLER\u0130 VE BA\u015eVURU SONRASINDAK\u0130 \u0130\u015eLEMLER<\/span><\/h4>\n
\n-D\u00fcnyada yenilik,<\/span>
\n-Sanayiye uygulanabilirlik, ve<\/span>
\n-Bulu\u015f basama\u011f\u0131 (tekni\u011fin bilinen durumun a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131)<\/span>
\nkriterlerinin bir arada olmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n-D\u00fcnyada yenilik, ve<\/span>
\n-Sanayiye uygulanabilirlik<\/span>
\nkriterlerinin bulunmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n-3, 7 ve 12 \u2013 17 numaral\u0131 istemlerin yeni oldu\u011fu,<\/span>
\n-3, 7 ve 13 \u2013 17 numaral\u0131 istemlerin bulu\u015f basama\u011f\u0131 kriterini kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131,<\/span>
\n-t\u00fcm (1; 17) istemlerin sanayiye uygulanabilir oldu\u011fu<\/span>
\nanla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu ba\u015fvuruya istemlerin bu hali ve bu inceleme raporu ile 3, 7, 13, 14, 15, 16 ve 17. istemleri i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de incelemeli patent verilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ba\u015fvuru sahibi, haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olan inceleme raporunu dikkate alarak istemlerini yeniden d\u00fczenleyip (kapsam\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirerek), tekrar inceleme talep edip, de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f istemler i\u00e7in tekrar olumlu inceleme raporu alarak, patent alabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n3- BULU\u015eLARIN PATENT VEYA FAYDALI MODEL BELGES\u0130 \u0130LE KORUNMASININ KAR\u015eILA\u015eTIRMALI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RMES\u0130,<\/span><\/h4>\n
\nAranan Kriterler:<\/span><\/p>\n
\nSanayiye uygulanabilirlik \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sanayiye uygulanabilirlik Sanayiye uygulanabilirlik<\/span>
\nBulu\u015f basama\u011f\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bulu\u015f basama\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n4- PATENT VEYA FAYDALI MODEL BELGES\u0130 \u0130LE KORUNAN BULU\u015eUN KORUMA KAPSAMI<\/span><\/h4>\n
\n-\u0130stem veya istemler tarifname ve resimler esas al\u0131narak yorumlan\u0131r (1 inci f\u0131kra).<\/span>
\n-\u0130stem veya istemler, bir yandan patent ba\u015fvurusu veya patent sahibine hakk\u0131 olan korumay\u0131 sa\u011flayacak ve di\u011fer yandan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filere de koruman\u0131n kapsam\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan makul bir d\u00fczeyde kesinlik ifade edecek \u015fekilde birlikte yorumlan\u0131r (2 inci f\u0131kra).<\/span>
\n-\u0130stem veya istemler, kullan\u0131lan kelimelerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olarak yorumlanamaz. Bununla beraber, patent ba\u015fvurusu veya patentten do\u011fan koruma kapsam\u0131n\u0131n tesbitinde istem veya istemler, bulu\u015fu yapan taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen fakat istem veya istemlerde talep edilmeyen, buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ilgili teknik alanda uzman birki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan tarifname ve resimlerin yorumlanmas\u0131 ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak \u00f6zellikleri kapsayacak \u015fekilde kabul edilmez (4 \u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kra).<\/span>
\n-Patent ba\u015fvurusu veya patentten do\u011fan koruma kapsam\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tarihte, istem veya istemlerde belirtilmi\u015f unsurlara e\u015fde\u011fer nitelikte olan unsurlar da dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r (5 inci f\u0131kra) (e\u015fde\u011ferler doktrini).<\/span>
\n-Tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tarihte, e\u015fde\u011fer unsur, esas itibariyle ayn\u0131 i\u015flevi g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsa ve bunu ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyorsa ve istem veya istemlerde talep edilen unsur ile ayn\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yorsa, genel olarak istem veya istemlerde talep edilen unsurun e\u015fde\u011feri olarak kabul edilir (6 nc\u0131 f\u0131kra) (e\u015fde\u011ferler doktrini).<\/span>
\n-\u0130stem veya istemlerin kapsam\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in patentin verilmesi ile ilgili i\u015flemler s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya patentin ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi s\u00fcresince, koruma kapsam\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde patent ba\u015fvurusu veya patent sahibinin beyanlar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r (7 nci f\u0131kra) (ba\u015fvuru sahibinin k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 beyanlar\u0131 \u2013 file wrapper doktrini).<\/span>
\n-Patent, bulu\u015fun i\u015flev veya sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rneklerini veya bulu\u015fun bir d\u00fczenlenmesinin \u00f6rneklerini kaps\u0131yorsa, istem veya istemler bu \u00f6rneklerle s\u0131n\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olarak yorumlanmaz. \u00d6zellikle, \u00fcr\u00fcn veya usul\u00fcn sahip oldu\u011fu ilave \u00f6zelliklerin patentte a\u00e7\u0131klanan \u00f6rneklerde bulunmamas\u0131, bu \u00f6rneklerde bulunan \u00f6zellikleri kapsamamas\u0131 veya bu \u00f6rneklerde belirtilen her ama\u00e7 veya \u00f6zelli\u011fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirememesi hallerinde, \u00fcr\u00fcn veya usul istem veya istemler ile sa\u011flanan koruma kapsam\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutulmaz (8 inci f\u0131kra).<\/span><\/p>\n
\n\u0130stem 1: Fincan saplar\u0131n\u0131n kayganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi (s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131) i\u00e7in sap\u0131n fincan taraf\u0131n\u0131n ya da t\u00fcm y\u00fczeyinin p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fc malzeme ile kaplanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ile karakterize edilen fincan.<\/span>
\nS\u00f6z konusu patentin ba\u015fvuru sahibi patentin i\u015flemleri a\u015famalar\u0131nda \u201csap\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fc veya p\u00fcr\u00fczlendirilmi\u015f malzemeden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 istemlerin kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r\u201d ya da \u201cbu bulu\u015f sap\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fc veya p\u00fcr\u00fczlendirilmi\u015f malzemeden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan fincanlar\u0131 kapsamamaktad\u0131r\u201d ifadesini i\u00e7eren bir beyanda bulunmu\u015f ise bu durumda sap\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131 p\u00fcr\u00fczlendirilmi\u015f malzemeden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan fincanlar koruma kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olacakt\u0131r. Bu durum \u00f6zellikle h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck ve tecav\u00fcz hallerinde \u00f6nemle de\u011ferlendirilmesi gereken konudur.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n-\u015eeffaf malzeme,<\/span>
\n-Malzeme \u00fczerine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f,<\/span>
\n-De\u011fi\u015fik geometrik bi\u00e7imlerde,<\/span>
\n-Tercihen Cu veya Al tel<\/span><\/p>\n
\nAlternatif \u2013 1 : Telin Fe veya Ni veya herhangi bir ala\u015f\u0131m olmas\u0131,<\/span>
\nAlternatif \u2013 2 : Tel yerine boru i\u00e7inde kimyasal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, elekrik enerjisi verilerek kimyasal reaksiyon olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretilmesi<\/span>
\nAlternatif \u2013 3 : Tel yerine boru i\u00e7inde kimyasal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, elekrik enerjisi ya da mekanik yol ile bir piston herket ettirilip bas\u0131n\u00e7 uygulanmas\u0131, kimyasal reaksiyon olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcretilmesi<\/span><\/p>\n
\nAlternatif 1; 1\u2019de telin bak\u0131r (Cu) veya aluminyum (Al) yerine demir (Fe) veya nikel (Ni) ya da herhangi bir ala\u015f\u0131m olmas\u0131 bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k olarak de\u011frlendirilmemelidir. Zira t\u00fcm\u00fc metal veya metal ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r ve e\u015fde\u011ferdir. \u0130\u015flev ve elde edilen sonu\u00e7 da ayn\u0131 oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilecektir. E\u011fer bu farkl\u0131l\u0131k beklenmeyen bir sonu\u00e7 do\u011furuyor ise bu durumda tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n-hem bulu\u015fun ilgili oldu\u011fu teknik alanda uzman,<\/span>
\n-hem de patent\/faydal\u0131 model i\u015flemleri ve koruma kapsam\u0131 hakk\u0131nda yeterli d\u00fczeyde bilgi sahibi olan<\/span>
\nuzmanlarca yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n5- PATENT VE FAYDALI MODEL BELGELER\u0130N\u0130N H\u00dcK\u00dcMS\u00dcZL\u00dcK HALLER\u0130<\/span><\/h4>\n
\nniteli\u011finde olan yasal \u00fc\u00e7 ayl\u0131k s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde itiraz etmi\u015f olmak zorunlulu\u011fu ortadan kalkm\u0131\u015f, h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck davas\u0131, zarar g\u00f6ren herkesin a\u00e7abilece\u011fi bir dava haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n-Patent belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili genel h\u00fck\u00fcmler ve h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck talepleri,<\/span>
\n-Faydal\u0131 model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili genel h\u00fck\u00fcmler ve h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck talepleri,<\/span>
\n-\u0130ncelemeli patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talepleri,<\/span>
\n\u2013 \u0130ncelemesiz patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talepleri,<\/span>
\n\u2013 EPO patentinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talepleri,<\/span>
\n\u2013 Tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin iddialar (menfi tesbit)<\/span>
\nba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 alt\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da irdelenmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\nPatent belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili genel h\u00fck\u00fcmler 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 129, 130 ve 131 inci maddelerinde yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu maddelerdeki h\u00fck\u00fcmler birarada de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde;<\/span><\/p>\n
\n-Patent konusunun, patent verilme kriterleri ile ilgili 5 inci ila 10 uncu maddelerde belirtilen, patent verilebilirlik \u015fartlar\u0131na sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n,<\/span>
\n-Bulu\u015fun, bulu\u015f konusunun ilgili oldu\u011fu teknik alanda bir uzman\u0131n onu uygulamaya koyabilmesini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lacak yeterlikte, a\u00e7\u0131k ve tam olarak tan\u0131mlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n;<\/span>
\n-Patent konusunun, yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan ba\u015fvurunun kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya patentin bulu\u015fun b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili 45 inci madde anlam\u0131nda ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bir ba\u015fvuruya veya Patent isteme hakk\u0131n\u0131n gasb\u0131 ile ilgili 12 inci maddeye g\u00f6re yap\u0131lan bir ba\u015fvuruya dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n kapsamlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n;<\/span>
\n-Patent sahibinin, patent isteme hakk\u0131 ile ilgili 11 inci maddeye g\u00f6re patent isteme hakk\u0131na sahip bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n,<\/span>
\nispat edilmesi gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n-Gasb\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu dava konusu \u00f6nceki patent ba\u015fvurusunun kendi ba\u015fvurusu olarak kabul edilmesini ve i\u015flem g\u00f6rmesini isteyebilir, veya<\/span>
\n-Ayn\u0131 r\u00fc\u00e7han hakk\u0131ndan yararlanarak ayn\u0131 bulu\u015f i\u00e7in yeni bir patent ba\u015fvurusu yapabilir (Bu ba\u015fvuru ilk ba\u015fvurunun tarihi itibariyle i\u015flem g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Bu durumda, gasb\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu ba\u015fvuru h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz kal\u0131r). veya<\/span>
\n-Gasb\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu ba\u015fvurunun red edilmesini talep edebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\nb \u2013 Patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne karar verilmeden \u00f6nce, yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve uygulanm\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri, (ancak, hal ve \u015fartlara g\u00f6re, hakl\u0131 sebepler ve hakkaniyet d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ile s\u00f6zle\u015fme uyar\u0131nca \u00f6denmi\u015f bedelin k\u0131smen veya tamamen iadesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr)<\/span>
\netkilemez.<\/span><\/p>\n
\nFaydal\u0131 Model belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili genel h\u00fck\u00fcmler 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 165 inci maddesinde yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu maddedeki h\u00fck\u00fcmler de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde;<\/span><\/p>\n
\nb \u2013 Faydal\u0131 model belgesi konusu bulu\u015fun, bulu\u015f konusunun ilgili oldu\u011fu teknik alandaki bir uzman\u0131n onu uygulamaya koyabilmesini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lacak yeterlikte, a\u00e7\u0131k ve tam olarak tan\u0131mlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n,<\/span>
\nc \u2013 Faydal\u0131 model belgesi konusunun, faydal\u0131 model belgesi verilmesi i\u00e7in yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan ba\u015fvurunun kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n veya faydal\u0131 model belgesinin bulu\u015fun b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile ilgili 45 inci madde anlam\u0131nda ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bir ba\u015fvuruya veya Patent isteme hakk\u0131n\u0131n gasb\u0131 ile ilgili 12 inci maddeye g\u00f6re yap\u0131lan bir ba\u015fvuruya dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n kapsamlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n,<\/span>
\nd \u2013 Faydal\u0131 model belgesi sahibinin, faydal\u0131 model belgesi isteme hakk\u0131 ile ilgili 157 nci maddeye g\u00f6re faydal\u0131 model belgesi isteme hakk\u0131na sahip bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n,<\/span>
\nispat edilmesi gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n-Zarar g\u00f6ren \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filer veya Cumhuriyet Savc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla ilgili resmi makamlar, veya<\/span>
\n-Faydal\u0131 model belgesi isteme hakk\u0131na sahip ki\u015filer<\/span>
\ntaraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n-Gasb\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu dava konusu \u00f6nceki faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurusunun kendi ba\u015fvurusu olarak kabul edilmesini ve i\u015flem g\u00f6rmesini isteyebilir, veya<\/span>
\n-Ayn\u0131 r\u00fc\u00e7han hakk\u0131ndan yararlanarak ayn\u0131 bulu\u015f i\u00e7in yeni bir faydal\u0131 model ba\u015fvurusu yapabilir (Bu ba\u015fvuru ilk ba\u015fvurunun tarihi itibariyle i\u015flem g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Bu durumda, gasb\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu ba\u015fvuru h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fcz kal\u0131r), veya<\/span>
\n-Gasb\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu ba\u015fvurunun red edilmesini talep edebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\nKHK nin 156 nc\u0131 maddesine dayan\u0131larak a\u00e7\u0131lan Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesinin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc davas\u0131nda, davac\u0131 yan\u0131n talebi \u00fczerine dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk Patent Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Resmi Patent Siciline i\u015flenmesi ve Resmi Patent B\u00fclteninde ilan edilmesi halinde, Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesi sahibi, s\u00f6z konusu dava sonu\u00e7lan\u0131ncaya kadar, Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesinden do\u011fan haklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filere kar\u015f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcremez hale gelmektedir. Ancak bu durumda dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken husus, Faydal\u0131 Model Belgesi sahibinin, dava sonunda hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 halinde u\u011frayaca\u011f\u0131 zararlar\u0131n tazminidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ayn\u0131 maddede, belge sahibinin zarar\u0131 oldu\u011fu taktirde bu zarar\u0131n tazmini ile ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmler sakl\u0131 tutulmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n
\nVerilmi\u015f bir incelemeli patent ile ilgili olarak TPE nezdinde yap\u0131lacak patentin verilmesi ile ilgili herhangi bir i\u015flem (y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00fccret \u00f6demeleri, devir, lisans vs\u2019nin sicil kay\u0131t i\u015flemleri) yoktur. 551 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK\u2019nin 129, 130 ve 131 inci maddelerinde yer alan h\u00fck\u00fcmler kapsam\u0131nda incelemeli bir patent i\u00e7in h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck davas\u0131 g\u00f6revli ve yetkili Mahkemede a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r ve patentin k\u0131smen ya da tamamen h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ya da davan\u0131n reddine Mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan karar verilir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n\u0130ncelemesiz patentin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talepleri ile ilgili de\u011ferlendirmeleri yapmadan \u00f6nce;<\/span>
\n-\u0130ncelemesiz patentin gerek\u00e7esi,<\/span>
\n-incelemesiz patentin verildi\u011fi ana kadarki i\u015flemler ile sonraki i\u015flemler,<\/span>
\n-Patentlerin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc talebinin incelemesi patentlere uygulanabilirli\u011fi,<\/span>
\nhususlar\u0131n\u0131n iredelenmesi gerekmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\n-Bulu\u015funun patentlenebilirli\u011fi ile ilgili olarak ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi sahibi olup, bulu\u015f konusu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcretmek ve pazarlamak i\u00e7in gerekli planlar\u0131 ve analizleri yapmak i\u00e7in zaman kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak,<\/span>
\n-\u0130nceleme \u00fccretlerinin daha sonra \u00f6denerek inceleme talebinin ertelenmesine olanak sa\u011flamak,<\/span>
\nolarak s\u0131ralanabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n
\nincelemesiz patentin verildi\u011fi ana kadarki i\u015flemler ile sonraki i\u015flemler,<\/span><\/p>\n